从晚清到民国,一个拥有古典气质,又携带现代风情的时代,在乱世风云里,出现了那么一批才情万千的女子,他们用自己的高贵、风华、睿智、美丽,演绎着或璀璨绚烂,或陡峭孤绝的人生。林徽因就是其中的一位。她用自己明净的眼眸,秀丽的面容,优雅的姿态,斐然的才情在纷扰的世俗中,以华丽的姿态尽情地演绎着自己的悲喜人生,却又不失属于自己的安稳与幸福。
作者:Frank | 主播:老V
Frank:记不清是什么时候读到林徽因的诗歌,然后开始去了解她的经历,因为她开始知道徐志摩,知道新月社。中国学者或文化名人中,她是少数几人中让我领略到了集东西方各自魅力于一身,并得以交融的人。写完这个稿件,我也问自己,到底眷恋林徽因的什么气质,细想下,除了其才情,欣赏她在自己的人生里把感性和理性拿捏地恰到好处。
我说你是人间的四月天;
笑响点亮了四面风;
轻灵在春的光艳中交舞着变。
你是四月早天里的云烟,
黄昏吹着风的软,
星子在无意中闪,
细雨点洒在花前。
那轻,那娉婷,你是,
鲜妍百花的冠冕你戴着,
你是天真,庄严,
你是夜夜的月圆。
雪化后那片鹅黄,你象;
新鲜初放芽的绿,你是;
柔嫩喜悦,
水光浮动着你梦中期待白莲。
你是一树一树的花开,
是燕在梁间呢喃,
——你是爱,是暖,是希望,
你是人间的四月天!
《你是人间四月天》
林徽因,一个从未走出过公众视线的名字。近一个多世纪以来,人们传诵着她的美貌,她的学识,传说着她不寻常的家世,感叹着她经历过热情、执着、信念后的爱情,传唱着她和享誉世界汉史学家费氏夫妇长达半个多世纪的国际友谊。
1994年Wilma Fairbank 撰写Liang and Lin Partners in Exploring China’s Architectural Past一书,既是故友,又是至交的她以传记的方式讲述了这对学者伉俪的传奇一生。而二十多年后的2011,白落梅用一支素笔,写一本《你若安好 便是晴天》道出了林独有的灵动和才情。今天我们就选读这些中外文字,以一汉一英, 一中一西的角度去探寻这位娉婷女子曾经的一段光辉岁月,那段让她感悟成长,而后学贯中西的年岁。
几场梅雨,几卷荷风,江南已是烟水迷离。小院里湿润的青苔在雨中纯净生长。1904年的这个夏季,在中国杭州降临了一位女婴,其父林长民是当时知名政治家、外交家、教育家和书法家。正因如此Wilma 回忆说到 “Lin Whei-yin was chosen from a distinguished family. She grew up under the influence of a powerful father, Lin Chang-min. He was an artist and a romantic, and these two attributes were also dominant in her personality”. 祖父林孝恂从诗经《大雅·思齐》里采了“大姒嗣徽音,则百斯男”的句意,给孙女取了徽音这个美丽的名字。后来,为避免与当时一男性作者林微音相混,从1934 年起,她自己改名林徽因。
林徽因五岁之前都在杭州陆官巷度过,关于那段时光我们已无从查找,而她亦没有丝毫记忆。其实每个人都会认为自己的童年是值得珍藏的,尽管有些人也曾历经辛酸,但是在模糊的记忆里,那些零散的碎片叠合在一起,始终会是美好。在那里,虽然只有短短几年光阴,却给这位才女留下永难磨灭的记忆。到了五岁,林徽因的大姑母林泽民成为她的启蒙老师。林泽民是清朝末年的大家闺秀,自小接受私塾教育,诗词歌赋、琴棋书画也算样样精通。正是这位娴静优雅、知书达礼的姑母,教会了林徽因读书识字,感染她成为一名独具才情风范的女子。
霞光掩映的晨晓,暮色低垂的黄昏,明月皎洁的夜晚,幼小的徽因手捧一册册线装书,读着书卷里的词句。也许她读不懂其间美好的意象,读不懂那诗意的情怀,读不懂冷暖的故事,但是她却从此爱上了书,爱上了淡淡的墨香,爱上了锦词丽句,还有书卷里那一枝莲荷的淡雅清愁。林徽因遗传父亲的儒雅,她骨子里就带有浓郁的诗味和典雅。她朦胧的记忆被江南水乡的悠悠古韵填满。黛瓦粉墙,亭台水榭,还有青石小巷的惆怅烟雨,转角长廊的淡淡回风。
但是林徽因的童年还掺杂这一份矛盾和伤感。她似乎体会到了母亲在自己爱情里的不幸和对妾室的嫉妒,但同时她也深刻体悟到了父爱。The sensitive daughter was caught between them. She shared the outraged confidences of the mother and at the same time cherished the father and was aware of his love for her. She remained his favourite.
在林徽因八岁的时候,其父亲林长民迁居北京,而全家则由杭州移居上海。从此这位冰雪聪明的才女就离开了杭州古城,开始她另一段崭新的人生历程。她带走了江南水乡的灵秀,带走了西湖白莲的清韵,也带走了青石小巷那一季的烟雨。小小的她还不懂得何谓相忘江湖,不懂得迁徙意味着和过往的时光诀别,不懂得从此红尘陌上,她将以清绝的姿态独自行走。
A new and very important chapter in Whei’s life began in 1919. Lin Whei-yin first met Liang Sicheng, the favourite son of Liang Ch’i-ch’ao. It was in 1919 that Liang’s favourite son and Lin’s favourite daughter were formally introduced. Their fathers spent some years in Japan and had held high offices in the post-revolutionary Peking government. That they would conceive the idea of merging their families by a marriage between Liang’s favourite son and Lin’s favourite daughter is not surprising. At that time, Whei was fifteen and Sicheng was eighteen. 直到后来,我们才知道,林徽因初见梁思成一定没有怦然心动之感。或许有的只是一个少女见一个少年的喜悦心情,有些许腼腆,些许快乐。而梁思成这一见,就再也没能忘记林徽因,只是他们之间注定要经过一个漫长的历程才能并肩走在一起。原本是两个一同行走的人,其间一个人在路途上探看了别的风景,而另一个人一直在原地等待。
In the summer of 1920, Lin Whei-yin left Peking and went with her father for companionship halfway around the world to London. In London, as her father’s hostess, Whei met numerous Chinese and other visitors who came to pay their respects to him. Her household encounters where undoubtedly as influential in her education as her formal schooling.
更多时候,林徽因喜欢一个人待在居住的寓所,调一杯咖啡,偎在壁炉旁,读她喜欢的书。许多名作家的诗歌、小说、剧本,她都一一阅览。伦敦,这座美丽的雾都,总会飘起缠绵悱恻的烟雨。而这位有些寂寥又满怀才情诗意的少女,总是独自守着窗外的雨雾,筑一场又一场无约之梦。她期待在这异国他乡,会有一个多情男子走进她的生活,与她共有一帘幽梦。烟雨总是太过撩人情绪,孤独的时候,总是希望生活中有浪漫发生。林徽因希望可以像童话里所写的一样,和喜欢的人围着壁炉喝咖啡,闻烤面包的清香,彼此若有若无地诉说心情,岁月在旋转的韵律中缓慢流淌。尽管那个人还没有出现,但聪慧的林徽因心里有预感,在这座美丽的城市一定有属于她的故事发生。
The most important of these visitors was Hsu Chih-mo. Lin’s delicate beauty that attracted immediate attention. her artistic temperament, her liveliness, her lighting perceptions, her literary bent were all enthralling to Hsu who has his discernment, his charm, his spontaneity, his humour, his creative zest, his dramatic presence, above all, his uncanny ability to find and gather kindred spirits and to ignite in those who surrounded him, new concepts, new aspiration. He fell in love. 都说十六岁是花季,林徽因是幸福的,在花季之龄遇上像徐志摩这样的青年才俊。他满足了一个少女对浪漫爱情所有的幻想,填补了她对诗意生活的所有渴望。在伦敦这个雨雾之都,林徽因终于找到了一个可以陪她共有一帘幽梦的男子。徐志摩认定林徽因是他命里的红颜,他愿意为她写下柔情的一笔。
After the Spring of 1921, Hsu asked Lin Whei-yin to marry him. Wilma listened to Lin Whei-yin talking of Hsu years later, Wilma said “I noticed that her memories were always linked with literary names-Shelly, Keats, Byron, Katherine, Mansfield, Virginia Woolf and others. It occurred to me that in his devotion he may have assumed the role of teacher and guide, leading her into the world of English poetry and drama, the new beauty, new ideals, and new feelings that captivating him at the same time”.
最终,一把江南的油纸伞低档住了伦敦烟雨下的浪漫。林徽因写到:
这一定又是你的手指,
轻弹着,
在这深夜,稠密的悲思。
我不禁颊边泛上了红,
静听着,
这深夜里弦子的生动。
一声听从我心底穿过,
忒凄凉,
我懂得,但我怎能应和?
生命早描定她的式样,
太薄弱,
是人们的美丽的想象。
除非在梦里有这么一天,
你和我,
同来攀动那根希望的弦。
《深夜里听到乐声》
The return of Whei and her father to China in late 1921 reopened the question of her marriage to Sicheng. By the beginning of 1923 they had make up their minds. On 7th January, Liang Ch’i-ch’ao wrote to Elder Sister, “Sicheng and Whei have promised to marry each other.” he added an important note, “I told them that they should finish their studies before they are engaged”. The engagement was not announced until the autumn of 1927 and the marriage did not take place until March 1928. The father was concerned about Whei’s education as well as Sicheng’s.
However, Whei still admired and loved Hsu, but her life was firmly joined to that of Sicheng. Fixed in that long-term decision, she could throw herself into the company Hsu was founding, the Hsin Yueh She, the Crescent Moon Society. 加入新月社,也开始了林徽因的写作生涯,但据梁思成回忆她发表的第一篇作品并不是自己的作品而是翻译 Oscar Wild的 诗歌 The Nightingale and the rose.
1924年四月,印度诗哲泰戈尔访华。徐志摩担任翻译,当他们到达北平时,徐志摩邀请林徽因一同担当翻译。The romantic aura generated by Tagore himself enveloped them.
徐志摩在给恩师梁启超的信里这样写道:我将于茫茫人海中访我惟一灵魂之伴侣,得之,我幸,不得,我命。
这颗赤裸裸的心,请收了罢,我的爱神!
因为除了你更无人,给他温慰与生命,
否则,你就将他磨成虀粉,散在西天云,
但他精诚的颜色,却永远点染你春朝的新思,秋夜的梦境;怜悯罢,我的爱神!
《一个祈祷》
20th May 1924, the day of Tagore’s departure, was a day of emotional farewells. He regretted parting from Whei, whose unfailing presence and youthful loveliness had gladdened his days. He wrote a poem for her:
The blue of the sky;
Fell in love with the green of the earth;
The breeze between them sighs “alas”!
这或许是泰戈尔对林徽因和徐志摩之间微妙关系的一种描绘吧。
接下来的6月林徽因与梁思成双双赴美留学,他们共同选定的学科是建筑学,这个可以将技术和艺术完美结合的专业。可惜,受当时宾夕法尼亚大学的制度限制,林徽因未能如愿,只好退而求其次,选读美术专业,但她依然选读了建筑学的所有课程。在1926年一份《蒙大拿报》刊登的的采访中,林徽因说到:“等我回到中国,我要带回什么是中西方碰撞的真正含义,令人沮丧的是,在所谓的和世界接轨的口号下,我们自己国家独特的原创艺术正在被践踏,应该有一场运动去向中国人展示西方人在艺术、文学、音乐、戏剧上的成就,但绝不是要以此去取代我们自己的东西”。 她还提到,“在中国一个女孩的价值最多体现在家庭中,我崇敬这里的民主精神”。四年后的1928年, 学有所成的梁林两人在渥太华中国领事馆缔结良缘。随后一同游历欧洲。1928年8月初,梁林回到了跨别四年的北平,从此携手相伴。
从晚清到民国,一个拥有古典气质,又携带现代风情的时代,在乱世风云里,出现了那么一批才情万千的女子,他们用自己的高贵、风华、睿智、美丽,演绎着或璀璨绚烂,或陡峭孤绝的人生。林徽因就是其中的一位。她用自己明净的眼眸,秀丽的面容,优雅的姿态,斐然的才情在纷扰的世俗中,以华丽的姿态尽情地演绎着自己的悲喜人生,却又不失属于自己的安稳与幸福。
作为设计师,她留下了中华人民共和国国徽和人民英雄纪念碑;作为诗人,她以细腻的文句点缀着我们的人生;作为女人,她让徐志摩怀想了一生,让梁
思成宠爱了一生,让金岳霖默默地记挂了一生,更让世间形色男子仰慕了一生。
Wilma 这样评价 “Lin Whei-yin was an artist by nature, an architect by training, and a poet by vocation”.
时光微凉,那一场远去的往事被春水浸泡,秋风吹拂,早已洗去铅华,清绝明净。她走过的地方,有一树一树的花开,她呢喃的梁间,还留着余温犹存的梦。有人说,她是个冰洁的女子,所以无论人世如何变迁,她都有着美丽的容颜。有人说,她是个理智的女子,不管面临怎样的诱惑,最后都可以全身而退— 她叫林徽因。可惜青梅煎好的茶水,还是当年的味道;而我们等候的人,不会再来。
垫乐及素材:
1:《早晨薄雾 MORNING MIST》-佚名
2:《Winter Wind》- Jon Schmidt
3:《Chimes》- Jon Schmidt
4:《洛阳牡丹(新民乐欣赏版)》-佚名
5:《琵琶相 暮色》- 林海
6:《映像 Image》- 林海
7:《虔诚 DERONT》-佚名
8:《Time Slip》- S.E.N.S.
9:《Visionary》- S.E.N.S.
作者:Frank | 主播:老V
制作:郡子
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图片来源网络